E mālama ʻia nā wai inu a pau mai ka wai kumu, ʻo ia hoʻi ka loko wai maʻemaʻe, ka muliwai, ka luawai wai, a i kekahi manawa he kahawai paha, a hiki i ka wai kumu ke lilo i mea palupalu i nā mea haumia a i ʻole nā loli e pili ana i ke aniau a i ʻole nā loli kau. Ma ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai kumu a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i nā loli i ke kaʻina hana mālama.
Ka hana mua: ʻO ka mālama mua ʻana no ka wai kumu, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo Coagulation a me Flocculation, e hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻāpana me nā kemika e hana i nā ʻāpana nui aʻe, a laila e piholo nā ʻāpana nui i lalo.
ʻO ka lua o ka hana, ʻo ia ka kānana ʻana, ma hope o ka sedimentation ma mua o ka mālama ʻana, e hele ka wai maopopo ma o nā kānana, ʻo ka maʻamau, ua hana ʻia ke kānana me ke one, ka ʻiliʻili, a me ke kalapona) a me ka nui o ka pore. No ka pale ʻana i nā kānana, pono mākou e nānā i ka turbidity, ka mea paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia, ka alkalinity a me nā ʻano maikaʻi wai ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ke kolu o ka hana, ʻo ia ke kaʻina hana disinfection. He mea nui loa kēia hana, ma hope o ka kānana ʻana i ka wai, pono mākou e hoʻohui i ka disinfectant i loko o ka wai i kānana ʻia, e like me ka chlorine, chloramine, i mea e pepehi ai i nā parasites, bacteria, a me nā virus i koe, e hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka wai i ka wā e hoʻopili ʻia ai i ka home.
ʻO ka hana ʻehā, ʻo ia ka hoʻolaha ʻana, pono mākou e ana i ka pH, ka turbidity, ka paʻakikī, ke koena chlorine, ka conductivity (TDS), a laila hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa a hoʻoweliweli paha i ke olakino lehulehu i ka manawa kūpono. Pono ke koena chlorine ma luna o 0.3mg/L ke hoʻopuka ʻia mai ka hale hana wai inu, a ma luna o 0.05mg/L ma ka hopena o ka pūnaewele paipu. Pono ka Turbidity ma lalo o 1NTU, aia ka waiwai pH ma waena o 6.5 ~ 8,5, e ʻino ka paipu inā emi ka waiwai pH ma lalo o 6.5pH a maʻalahi ke ana inā ʻoi aku ka pH ma mua o 8.5pH.
Eia nō naʻe i kēia manawa, ʻo ka hana o ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai e hoʻohana nui ʻia ana ka nānā lima ʻana ma nā ʻāina he nui, nona nā hemahema he nui o ka wikiwiki, ka holoʻokoʻa, ka hoʻomau a me nā hewa kanaka etc. Hiki i ka ʻōnaehana nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai BOQU pūnaewele ke nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka wai i 24 mau hola a me ka manawa maoli. Hāʻawi pū ia i ka ʻike wikiwiki a pololei i nā mea hoʻoholo e pili ana i nā loli o ka maikaʻi o ka wai i ka manawa maoli. Pēlā e hāʻawi ai i nā kānaka i ka maikaʻi o ka wai olakino a palekana.
