ʻO ka turbidity, i wehewehe ʻia ʻo ke ao a i ʻole ka haziness o kahi wai i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka nui o nā ʻāpana pākahi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko, he hana koʻikoʻi i ka loiloi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai. Pono ke ana ʻana i ka turbidity no nā ʻano noi like ʻole, mai ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka wai inu palekana a i ka nānā ʻana i nā kūlana kaiapuni.ʻO ka mea ʻike puʻupuʻuʻO ia ka mea hana nui i hoʻohana ʻia no kēia kumu, e hāʻawi ana i nā ana kūpono a maikaʻi. Ma kēia moʻomanaʻo, e ʻimi mākou i nā loina o ke ana turbidity, nā ʻano ʻano sensor turbidity, a me kā lākou mau noi.
ʻO ka meaʻike kūpilikiʻi maʻamau: nā kumu o ke ana turbidity
ʻO ke ana turbidity e hilinaʻi ana i ka pilina ma waena o ka māmā a me nā mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o kahi wai. ʻElua mau loina nui e hoʻokele i kēia pilina: ka hoʻopuʻi māmā a me ka absorption māmā.
A. Kuʻuna Turbidity Sensor: Light Scattering
Ka hopena o Tyndall:Loaʻa ka hopena Tyndall i ka wā e hoʻopuehu ʻia ai ka mālamalama e nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o kahi ʻano aniani. ʻO kēia hanana ke kuleana no ka ʻike ʻana i ke ala o kahi kukuna laser i loko o kahi lumi puhi.
Mie Scattering:ʻO ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i ka mie kekahi ʻano o ka lūlū māmā e pili ana i nā ʻāpana nui. Hōʻike ʻia ia e kahi ʻano hoʻopuehu paʻakikī, i hoʻopili ʻia e ka nui o ka ʻāpana a me ka lōʻihi o ka nalu o ka mālamalama.
B. Kūmole Turbidity Sensor: Māmā Māmā
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻopuehu ʻana, hoʻopau kekahi mau ʻāpana i ka ikehu māmā. ʻO ka nui o ka lawe ʻana i ka māmā e pili ana i nā waiwai o nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
C. Kuʻuna Turbidity Sensor: Ka pilina ma waena o Turbidity a me ka Light Scattering / Absorption
ʻO ka turbidity o kahi wai e pili pono ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻopuʻi ʻana o ka māmā a me ke ʻano like ʻole i ka degere o ka lawe ʻana i ka māmā. Hoʻokumu kēia pilina i kumu no nā ʻenehana ana turbidity.
ʻO nā meaʻikeʻikeʻeleʻele maʻamau: nāʻano o nā meaʻikeʻeleʻele
Nui nā ʻano ʻike turbidity i loaʻa, kēlā me kēia me kāna mau loina ponoʻī o ka hana, nā mea maikaʻi, a me nā palena.
A. ʻO nā meaʻikeʻeleʻele maʻamau: Nephelometric Sensors
1. Kumu o ka hana:Ana nā mea ʻike nephelometric i ka turbidity ma ka helu ʻana i ke kukui i hoʻopuehu ʻia ma kahi kihi kikoʻī (maʻamau 90 degere) mai ke kukui kukui i hana ʻia. Hāʻawi kēia ala i nā hopena kūpono no nā pae turbidity haʻahaʻa.
2. Pono a me nā palena:ʻO nā mea ʻike Nephelometric ka mea maʻalahi a hāʻawi i nā ana pololei. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e hana maikaʻi ma nā kiʻekiʻe turbidity kiʻekiʻe loa a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻino.
B. Kūmole Turbidity Maʻamau: Nā Mea Hoʻopili
1. Kumu o ka hana:Ana nā mea ʻike absorption i ka turbidity ma ka helu ʻana i ka nui o ka mālamalama i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wā e hele ai i kahi laʻana. He kūpono loa lākou no nā pae turbidity kiʻekiʻe.
2. Pono a me nā palena:Paʻa a kūpono nā mea ʻike absorption no kahi ākea o nā pae turbidity. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi lākou i nā pae turbidity haʻahaʻa a hiki ke maʻalahi i nā loli i ke kala o ka hāpana.
C. Kūmole Turbidity Maʻamau: Nā ʻano ʻike ʻē aʻe
1. Nā ʻano manaʻo ʻelua:Hoʻohui kēia mau mea ʻike i nā loina nephelometric a me absorption ana, e hāʻawi ana i nā hopena pololei ma waena o kahi ākea turbidity ākea.
2. Nā mea hoʻonanea ma muli o ka laser:Hoʻohana nā mea ʻike laser i ka kukui laser no nā ana turbidity pololei, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka fouling. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou i ka noiʻi a me nā noi kūikawā.
ʻO nā meaʻikeʻike turbidity maʻamau: Nā noi o nā meaʻike turbidity
ʻO ka mea ʻike puʻupuʻuloaʻa nā noi ma nā ʻano like ʻole:
A. Hoʻoponopono wai:E hōʻoia i ka wai inu palekana ma ka nānā ʻana i nā pae turbidity a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻāpana e hōʻike ana i ka haumia.
B. Nānā Kaiapuni:Ka loiloi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai ma nā kino wai maoli, e kōkua ana i ka nānā ʻana i ke olakino o nā kaiaola wai.
C. Nā Hana Hana Hana:Ka nānā ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka turbidity i nā kaʻina hana ʻoihana kahi koʻikoʻi ka maikaʻi o ka wai, e like me ka ʻoihana meaʻai a me nā mea inu.
D. Noiʻi a hoʻomohala:Kākoʻo ʻana i ka noiʻi ʻepekema ma o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ʻikepili pololei no nā haʻawina e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka particle a me ka dinamika wai.
ʻO kekahi mea hana koʻikoʻi o nā mea ʻike turbidity ʻo Shanghai BOQU Instrument Co., Ltd. Ua kōkua kā lākou huahana hou i ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai a me nā noi noiʻi, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka ʻoihana i ka holomua ʻana i ka ʻenehana ana turbidity.
ʻO ka mea ʻike hoʻopuehu maʻamau: Nā ʻāpana o kahi mea ʻike Turbidity
No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hana ʻana o nā sensor turbidity, pono e hoʻomaopopo mua i kā lākou mau mea kumu:
A. Puna Māmā (LED a Laser paha):Hoʻohana nā mea ʻike turbidity i kahi kumu kukui e hoʻomālamalama i ka hāpana. Hiki i kēia ke LED a i ʻole ka laser, ma muli o ke ʻano kikoʻī.
B. Keʻena Optical a i ʻole Cuvette:ʻO ke keʻena optical a i ʻole cuvette ka puʻuwai o ka mea ʻike. Hoʻopaʻa ia i ka hāpana a hōʻoia i ka hiki ʻana o ke kukui ma o ia no ke ana ʻana.
C. Mea nānā kiʻi:Hoʻonoho ʻia ma ke alo o ke kumu kukui, hopu ka photodetector i ke kukui e hele ana i ka hāpana. Ana ia i ka ikaika o ka malamalama i loaa, pili pono i ka turbidity.
D. Hui Hana Hoailona:ʻO ka ʻāpana hana hōʻailona e wehewehe i ka ʻikepili mai ka photodetector, e hoʻohuli iā ia i nā waiwai turbidity.
E. Hōʻike a i ʻole nā Ikepili Hoʻopuka.Hāʻawi kēia ʻāpana i kahi ala ʻoluʻolu e hoʻohana ai i ka ʻikepili turbidity, e hōʻike pinepine ʻia ma NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) a i ʻole nā hui ʻē aʻe.
ʻIkepili Turbidity maʻamau: Hoʻoponopono a mālama
ʻO ka pololei a me ka hilinaʻi o kahi sensor turbidity e pili ana i ka calibration kūpono a me ka mālama mau.
A. Koʻikoʻi o ka Calibration:Hōʻoia ka calibration e hoʻomau pololei nā ana o ka sensor i ka manawa. Hoʻokumu ia i kahi kuhikuhi, e ʻae ana i ka heluhelu turbidity pololei.
B. Nā Kūlana a me nā Kaʻina Hana Kalibration:Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea ʻike turbidity me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hopena maʻamau o nā pae turbidity i ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka calibration maʻamau e hōʻoia i ka ʻike e hāʻawi i nā heluhelu kūlike a pololei. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā kaʻina hana calibration ma muli o nā ʻōlelo a ka mea hana.
C. Nā Koina mālama:ʻO ka mālama mau ʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke keʻena optical, ka nānā ʻana i ke kumu kukui no ka hana, a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hana pono ʻana o ka sensor. Mālama ka mālama maʻamau i ka neʻe ʻana i nā ana a hoʻonui i ke ola o ka mea ʻike.
ʻO ke kinona turbidity sensor: nā mea e pili ana i ka ana turbidity
Hiki i kekahi mau kumu ke hoʻololi i nā ana turbidity:
A. Ka nui o ka ʻāpana a me ka hui ʻana:Hiki ke ho'ololi i ka heluhelu turbidity ka nui a me ka ho'ohui 'ana o nā mea i ho'oku'u 'ia i loko o ka hāpana. Hoʻopuehu ʻokoʻa nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa i ka mālamalama, no laila pono ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻano o ka hāpana.
B. Mahana:Hiki i nā hoʻololi i ka wela ke hoʻololi i nā waiwai o ka hāpana a me ka sensor, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā ana turbidity. Hele pinepine nā sensor me nā hiʻohiʻona uku wela e hoʻoponopono i kēia.
C. Nā pae pH:Hiki i nā pae pH kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻopilikia i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana a me ka hopena, ka heluhelu turbidity. He mea koʻikoʻi ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka pH o ka hāpana i loko o kahi ākea kūpono no nā ana pololei.
D. Ka Laʻana Hana a me ka Hoʻomākaukau:ʻO ke ʻano o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, mālama ʻia a hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka hāpana hiki ke hoʻopilikia nui i nā ana turbidity. Pono nā ʻenehana laʻana kūpono a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka laʻana no nā hopena hilinaʻi.
Ka hopena
ʻO ka mea ʻike puʻupuʻuhe mau mea hana pono no ka loiloi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai a me nā kūlana kaiapuni. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā loina ma hope o ke ana turbidity a me nā ʻano sensor like ʻole e hiki ai i nā ʻepekema, nā ʻenekinia, a me nā mea hoʻokele kaiapuni ke hana i nā hoʻoholo ʻike i ko lākou mau ʻāina, e hāʻawi hope ana i kahi honua palekana a olakino.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-19-2023
