Nā Hiʻohiʻona
1. E nānā a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka puka makani i kēlā me kēia mahina, me ka palaki hoʻomaʻemaʻe aunoa, e palaki i ka hapalua hola.
2. E hoʻohana i ke aniani sapphire e mālama maʻalahi, i ka wā e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai e hoʻohana i ka sapphire kūpaʻa i ke kahakahaaniani, mai hopohopo e pili ana i ka ʻili o ka puka makani.
3. Kahi hoʻonohonoho liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole fussy, e kau wale i loko e hoʻopau i ke kau ʻana.
4. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ke ana mau ʻana, kūkulu ʻia ka hoʻopuka analog 4 ~ 20mA, hiki ke hoʻouna i ka ʻikepili inā mīkini like ʻole e like me ka mea e pono ai.
5. Loaʻa ka laulā ana, e like me nā pono like ʻole, e hāʻawi ana i ka 0-100 degere, 0-500nā kekelē, 0-3000 kekelē ʻekolu laulā ana koho.
| Ka laulā ana: ʻike turbidity: 0~100 NTU, 0~500 NTU, 3000NTU |
| Kaomi komo: 0.3 ~ 3MPa |
| Mahana kūpono: 5~60℃ |
| Hōʻailona hoʻopuka: 4 ~ 20mA |
| Nā Hiʻohiʻona: Ana pūnaewele, kūpaʻa maikaʻi, mālama manuahi |
| Pololei: |
| Ka hiki ke hana hou ʻia: |
| Hoʻonā: 0.01NTU |
| Ka neʻe ʻana o kēlā me kēia hola: <0.1NTU |
| ʻO ka haʻahaʻa pili: <70% RH |
| Ka lako mana: 12V |
| Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana: <25W |
| Ana o ke sensor: Φ 32 x163mm (ʻAʻole me ka mea hoʻopili hoʻokuʻu) |
| Kaumaha: 3kg |
| Mea ʻike: 316L kila kila |
| Hohonu loa: Ma lalo o ka wai 2 mika |
Ka ʻūlū, he ana o ke ao i loko o nā wai, ua ʻike ʻia he hōʻailona maʻalahi a maʻamau hoʻi o ka maikaʻi o ka wai. Ua hoʻohana ʻia no ka nānā ʻana i ka wai inu, me ka mea i hana ʻia e ka kānana no nā makahiki he ʻumi. ʻO ke ana ʻana o ka turbidity e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kukuna kukui, me nā ʻano i wehewehe ʻia, e hoʻoholo ai i ke alo semi-quantitative o nā mea particulate i loko o ka wai a i ʻole nā laʻana wai ʻē aʻe. Ua kapa ʻia ke kukuna kukui ʻo ia ke kukuna kukui hanana. ʻO nā mea i loko o ka wai ke kumu o ka kukuna kukui hanana e hoʻopuehu a ʻike ʻia kēia kukui i hoʻopuehu ʻia a helu ʻia e pili ana i kahi kūlana calibration traceable. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o nā mea particulate i loko o kahi laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o ke kukuna kukui hanana a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka turbidity hopena.
ʻO kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i loko o kahi hāpana e hele ana ma o kahi kumu kukui i ho'ākāka ʻia (pinepine he kukui incandescent, diode hoʻopuka kukui (LED) a i ʻole diode laser), hiki ke hāʻawi i ka turbidity holoʻokoʻa i loko o ka hāpana. ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka kānana ʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻāpana mai kekahi hāpana i hāʻawi ʻia. Ke hana pono nā ʻōnaehana kānana a nānā ʻia me ka turbidimeter, e hōʻike ʻia ka turbidity o ka effluent e kahi ana haʻahaʻa a paʻa. Lilo kekahi mau turbidimeters i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole ma nā wai maʻemaʻe loa, kahi i haʻahaʻa loa ai ka nui o nā ʻāpana a me nā pae helu ʻāpana. No kēlā mau turbidimeters i nele i ka ʻike ma kēia mau pae haʻahaʻa, hiki i nā loli turbidity i loaʻa mai kahi haki kānana ke liʻiliʻi loa a lilo i mea ʻokoʻa ʻole mai ka walaʻau baseline turbidity o ka mea kani.
He nui nā kumu o kēia walaʻau kumu e komo pū ana me ka walaʻau o ka mea kani (walaʻau uila), ke kukui hele hewa o ka mea kani, ka walaʻau laʻana, a me ka walaʻau i loko o ke kumu kukui ponoʻī. He mea hoʻohui kēia mau mea hoʻopilikia a lilo lākou i kumu nui o nā pane turbidity maikaʻi ʻole a hiki ke hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻole i ka palena ʻike o ka mea kani.
ʻO ke kumuhana o nā kūlana i ke ana ʻana o ka turbidimetric ua paʻakikī ʻia ma muli o ke ʻano like ʻole o nā kūlana i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia a ʻae ʻia no nā kumu hōʻike e nā hui e like me ka USEPA a me nā Standard Methods, a ma muli o ka huaʻōlelo a i ʻole ka wehewehe ʻana i hoʻopili ʻia iā lākou. Ma ka 19th Edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, ua wehewehe ʻia i ka wehewehe ʻana i nā kūlana mua a me nā kūlana lua. Hoʻākāka nā Standard Methods i kahi kūlana mua e like me ka mea i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka mea hoʻohana mai nā mea maka hiki ke huli ʻia, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana pololei a ma lalo o nā kūlana kaiapuni i kāohi ʻia. I ka turbidity, ʻo Formazin wale nō ke kūlana mua maoli i ʻike ʻia a ua huli ʻia nā kūlana ʻē aʻe a pau i Formazin. Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻolālā ʻia nā algorithms mea hana a me nā kikoʻī no nā turbidimeters a puni kēia kūlana mua.
I kēia manawa, ua wehewehe ʻo Standard Methods i nā kūlana lua e like me kēlā mau kūlana i hōʻoia ʻia e ka mea hana (a i ʻole kahi hui hoʻāʻo kūʻokoʻa) e hāʻawi i nā hopena calibration mea hana like (i loko o kekahi mau palena) i nā hopena i loaʻa i ka wā e calibrated ai kahi mea hana me nā kūlana Formazin i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka mea hoʻohana (nā kūlana mua). Loaʻa nā kūlana like ʻole i kūpono no ka calibration, me nā hoʻokuʻu waihona kalepa o 4,000 NTU Formazin, nā hoʻokuʻu Formazin paʻa (StablCal™ Stabilized Formazin Standards, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo StablCal Standards, StablCal Solutions, a i ʻole StablCal), a me nā hoʻokuʻu kalepa o nā microspheres o styrene divinylbenzene copolymer.
